General Understanding

ALLAH PAR IMAN (BELIEF IN ALLAH)

Allah par iman lana ye hai ke yeh yaqeen ho ke sirf Allah hi saccha Ma’bood hai, jo akela hai, jiska koi shareek, muqabil ya humsafar nahi. Yeh yaqeen rakhna zaroori hai ke wahi is kainaat ka Khalik hai, aur is par sirf usi ka ikhtiyar hai. Koi cheez uske hukum ke baghair mojood nahi ho sakti, aur jo kuch hota hai, sirf usi ki marzi se hota hai. Allah ne farmaya:

Beshaq tumhara Rubb Allah hi hai jisne aasman aur zameen ko chay (6) dino mein paida kiya, phir Arsh par istawa farmaaya. Wahi raat aur din ko ek doosre par lapet’ta hai tezi se. Usne suraj, chaand aur sitarey banaye jo sab uske hukum ke tabe-daar hain. Takhleeq (paida karna) aur hukum sirf usi ka hai. Bara barkat wala hai Allah-jo tamaam jahaanon ka Rubb hai!  

Indeed your Lord is Allah Who created the heavens and the earth in six Days,1 then established Himself on the Throne. He makes the day and night overlap in rapid succession. He created the sun, the moon, and the stars—all subjected by His command. The creation and the command belong to Him ˹alone˺. Blessed is Allah—Lord of all worlds! Quran 7:54

Uska rububiyat (Parwardigari) mei koi shareek nahi; wahi akela Khalik hai, wahid Razzaq hai, aur is poore kainaat ki muamlat par ikhtiyar hai. Allah ne farmaya:

(Kaho [Aey Muhammad صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم]: Beshaq, meri namaz, meri qurbani, mera jeena aur mera marna sirf Allah, tamaam jahaanon ke Rubb ke liye hai. Uska koi shareek nahi. Mujhe isi ka hukum diya gaya hai, aur main sabse pehle Musalman ban'nay wala hoon.) [6:162-163]

Say, “Surely my prayer, my sacrifice, my life, and my death are all for Allah—Lord of all worlds.

He has no partner. So I am commanded, and so I am the first to submit.” 

Say, ˹O Prophet,˺ “Should I seek a lord other than Allah while He is the Lord of everything?” No one will reap except what they sow. No soul burdened with sin will bear the burden of another. Then to your Lord is your return, and He will inform you of your differences.

He is the One Who has placed you as successors on earth and elevated some of you in rank over others, so He may test you with what He has given you. Surely your Lord is swift in punishment, but He is certainly All-Forgiving, Most Merciful.  

Uski badat mei bhi koi shareek nahi. Sirf wahi Haqdar hai ke usi ki ibadat ki jaye. Allah ne farmaya:

(Aur humne tumse pehle koi Rasool nahi bheja magar humne uski taraf yeh wahi ki ke 'Mere siwa koi Ma’bood nahi, bas meri hi ibadat karo.) [21:25]

We never sent a messenger before you ˹O Prophet˺ without revealing to him: “There is no god ˹worthy of worship˺ except Me, so worship Me ˹alone˺.”

Uske Asma aur Sifat (Namo aur Sifaat) mei bhi koi us k barabar nahi. Allah ne farmaya:

(Aur sabse khoobsurat naam Allah hi ke hain, to unhi se use pukaro, aur un logon ko chhor do jo uske naamon ke ma'ni bigaadte hain.) [7:180]

Allah has the Most Beautiful Names. So call upon Him by them, and keep away from those who abuse His Names.1 They will be punished for what they used to do. 

Yeh aqeedah rakhnay ka matlab yeh hai ke sirf Allah hi ibadat ka haqdar hai, aur koi nahi. Koi bhi cheez uske baghair mumkin nahi, sirf usi se maanga jaye, sirf usi par bharosa kiya jaye, aur sirf usi se madad talabi ki jaye, chahe koi mushkil ho ya koi maqsad hasil karna ho.

Yeh iman rakhnay ka matlab yeh bhi hai ke Allah ke sabse khoobsurat aur aala Sifaat hain. Hum inmei koi tahrif (bigaar) nahi kar sakte, na hi yeh sawal uthana chahiye ke yeh kaise hain. Na hi hum inka inkaar kar sakte hain, na hi inke ma’ni ghalat tor par samajh sakte hain. Allah har naqais se paak hai. Allah ne farmaya:

(Us jaisa koi nahi, aur wahi sab kuch sun'nay wala aur dekh'nay wala hai.) [42:11]

Yeh maan'na ke farishtey Allah ki makhlooq hain; inki asli tadaad sirf Allah hi jaanta hai. Yeh ek gaib ki duniya ka hissa hain. Allah ne inhe sirf apni ibaadat aur apni ita'at ke liye paida kiya hai. Allah farmata hai:

(Masih kabhi bhi Allah ka banda ban'nay se inkar nahi karega, aur na hi woh farishte jo Allah ke qareeb hain. Aur jo koi Allah ki ibaadat se inkar kare aur takabbur dikhaye, to Allah un sab ko apni taraf jama karega.) [4:172]

Simple words mei smjha jaye to: Masih kabhi bhi Allah ka banda ban'nay se guroor nahi karega, aur na hi wo farishte jo Allah ke qareeb hain. Jo log uski ibaadat se guroor karenge aur akad dikhayenge, un sab ko woh apni huzoor jama karega. 

The Messiah would never be too proud to be a servant of Allah, nor would the angels nearest to Allah. Those who are too proud and arrogant to worship Him will be brought before Him all together. 

Allah ne farishton ko mukhtalif zimmedariyan di hain, aur yeh hamesha wahi karte hain jo unhein hukm diya jata hai. Allah farmata hai:

(Jinke oopar sakht aur shadeed farishtey muqarrar hain, jo Allah ke hukm ki nafarmaani nahi karte, balki jo kuch unhein hukum diya jata hai, usi par amal karte hain.) [66:6]

Aey imaan laane walon! Apne aap ko aur apni family ko us aag se bachao, jiska saaya log aur patthar hain, jise sakht aur shadeed farishte dekh rahe hain, jo kabhi bhi Allah ke hukm ki nafarmaani nahi karte, aur jo kuch bhi unhein hukum diya jata hai, us par amal karte hain. 

O believers! Protect yourselves and your families from a Fire whose fuel is people and stones, overseen by formidable and severe angels, who never disobey whatever Allah orders always doing as commanded.

Farishtey Allah ke na to shareek hain, na madadgaar, aur na hi uske bete ya betiyan (nauzbillah). Lekin unki izzat aur mohabbat rakhna zaroori hai. Allah farmatay hai:

(Aur inse poochho, [Aey Muhammad], Kya tumhare Rubb ke liye betiyan hain, jabke tumhare liye bete?’ Ya humne farishtey auratain banaaye aur tum is waqt mojud thay? Beshaq yeh apni jhooti baaton ki wajah se kehte hain: Allah ne aulad paida ki, aur beshak yeh bilkul jhoote hain. [37:149-152]

Allah ne kuch farishton ke naam aur unke zimmedariyon ke bare mei humein bata diya hai, jabke kuch ke baare mei nahi bataya. Humein sab farishton par imaan lana chahiye.

Yeh maan'na ke Allah ne apne Rasoolon ko asmani kitaabein nazil ki taake woh unhein insaaniyat tak pohanchayein. In kitaabon mei sirf sach hota hai; inmei koi bhi jhoot nahi hota. Yeh tamam kitaabein logon ko Allah ki wahdaniyat, uski khudai, uske malik hone aur uske khoobsurat naamon aur sifat ke baare mei bulaati hain. In kitaabon mei se kuch yeh hain:

Taurat:

Taurat woh muqaddas kitaab hai jo Hazrat Musa  par nazil hui thi. Allah farmata hai:
Beshaq, humne Taurat nazil ki thi, jismein hidayat aur roshni thi. Un nabiyon ne jo Allah ke hukum mein the, uske zariye yahudiyon ke liye faisla kiya, jaise ke rabbiyon aur ulama ne us kitaab ke zariye faisla kiya jise Allah ne unke hawale kiya tha, aur woh is par gawah the. Toh tum logon se nahi, balkay mujh se daro, aur mere ayaton ko sasti qeemat par na becho. Aur jo Allah ke nazil kiye hue hukum ke mutabiq faisla nahi karte, woh kafir hain. [5:44]

Indeed, We revealed the Torah, containing guidance and light, by which the prophets, who submitted themselves to Allah, made judgments for Jews. So too did the rabbis and scholars judge according to Allah’s Book, with which they were entrusted and of which they were made keepers. So do not fear the people; fear Me! Nor trade my revelations for a fleeting gain. And those who do not judge by what Allah has revealed are ˹truly˺ the disbelievers.

Zaboor:

Zaboor woh kitaab hai jo Hazrat Dawood  par nazil hui thi. Allah farmata hai:
"... aur Dawood ko humne Zaboor di thi."

Aapka Rabb zyada behtar jaanta hai jo kuch bhi aasmanon aur zameen mein hai. Aur humne kuch nabiyon ko doosron par farahemat di hain, aur Dawood ko humne Zaboor di thi. 17:55

Injeel:

Injeel woh muqaddas kitaab hai jo Hazrat Isa  par nazil hui thi. Allah farmata hai:
Aur humne unke baad Isa, Maryam ke bete ko bheja, jo usse pehle ki Taurat ki tasdeeq karte hue, aur humne unhe Injeel di thi, jismei hidayat aur roshni thi aur jo pehle ki Taurat ki tasdeeq karta tha, aur yeh hidayat aur taaleem thi un logon ke liye jo taqwa rakhte hain. [5:46]

Then in the footsteps of the prophets, We sent Jesus, son of Mary, confirming the Torah revealed before him. And We gave him the Gospel containing guidance and light and confirming what was revealed in the Torah—a guide and a lesson to the God-fearing. 

Muslim ko tamam asmani kitaabon par imaan lana zaroori hai aur usay yeh maan'na chahiye ke yeh sab Allah ki taraf se hain. Lekin uske liye yeh jaiz nahi hai ke woh in kitaabon ke kanoon par amal kare, kyunke yeh kitaabein khaas qoumon aur waqt ke liye nazil ki gayi thi. 

Bible mei Hazrat Isa se yeh kaha gaya hai:
Main sirf Israel ke khoya huey rakhwale ke liye bheja gaya hoon. [Matthew, 15:24]

Quran ne Taurat aur Injeel mei jo kuch tha, uski kuch wazahat ki hai; jaise ke Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم ki paishgoi:
... aur meri rahmat har cheez ko apni chaap mein le leti hai, toh main ise un logon ke liye muqarrar karunga jo mujh se darte hain, zakat dete hain, aur jo humare ayaton par imaan lata hai. Jo Rasool ko follow karte hain, jo illiterate nabi hain, jo unhein Taurat aur Injeel mein likha milta hai, jo unko sachchai ka hukum dete hain aur burai se rok dete hain, jo unke liye achi cheezon ko jaayaz aur buray kaamon ko haraam karte hain, aur jo unse unka bojh aur unki bandishen utaar dete hain. Toh jo un par imaan laaye, unki izzat kare, unka saath de, aur un roshni ka peechha kare jo unke saath nazil hui hai - wahi kamyab hain. [7:156-157]

Noble Quran:

Muslim ko yeh maan'na zaroori hai ke Quran Allah ka Kalam hai jo Farishta Jibreel k zariye nabi Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم par nazil kiya, aur yeh asmani kitaabon mei aakhri kitaab hai jo tamam purani kitaabon ko mansookh karti hai. Insaaniyat ko Quran par imaan lana, us par nazil honay walay Rasool par imaan lana, aur jo Deen isne diya us par imaan lana chahiye.

Note: Quran ka nazil karne wala Allah hai, aur Farishta Jibreel ne isay Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم tak wahy ke zariye pohanchaya.

Yeh imaan lana hai ke Allah ne insaaniyat mei se sabse behtareen logon ko Paighambar bana kar bheja, jinhon ne apni qaum ko khaas tareeqon ke zariye Allah ki ibadat aur itaat ka hukm diya, taake woh Allah k Deen aur Tawheed ko qaim kar sakein. Allah ne apne Paighambaron ko yeh hukm diya ke woh logon tak paigham pohanchayein, taake Allah ke paas un logon ke liye koi daleel na ho baad mei, jab ke Allah ne unhein apne paigham ke saath bheja.

Allah ne kuch logon ko Paighambar banaya, jo apne se pehle ke Paighambaron ke paigham aur Deen ki tasdeeq karte hue, logon ko unhi paighamon ki taraf dawat dete. Paighambar aur Rasool ki taadaad ka ilm sirf Allah ko hai. Allah ne Quran mei farmaya:

(Aur hum ne aap se pehle bhi paighambar bheje hain [o Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم], jin mei se kuch ke baare mei hum ne aapko kahaniyaan sunayi hain, aur kuch ke baare mein hum ne aapko nahin sunayi. Aur kisi paighambar ko bhi apni taraf se koi nishani nahi milti, magar Allah ki ijazat se.) [40:78]

We already sent messengers before you. We have told you the stories of some of them, while others We have not. It was not for any messenger to bring a sign without Allah’s permission. But when Allah’s decree comes, judgment will be passed with fairness, and the people of falsehood will then be in ˹total˺ loss. 

Insaan ko har paighambar par imaan lana zaroori hai, aur yeh bhi yaqeen rakhna hai ke woh tamam paighambar insaan hi the, un mei se koi bhi khudai sifat wala nahi thay. Allah ne Quran mei farmaya:
Aur hum ne aap se pehle bhi sirf insaan bheje hain, jinhein hum ne apni taraf se wahy ki thi. Agar aap ko is baat ka ilm na ho toh aap paighamon se pooch sakte hain. Hum ne unhein aisay badan nahi diye ke unhein khana na khana padta ho, na hi woh la-mout thay. [21:7-8]

O Muhammad, even before you We never sent any other than human beings as Messengers, and to them We sent revelation. Ask the People of the Book10 if you do not know. (21:8) We did not endow the Messengers with bodies that would need no food; nor were they immortals.

Allah ne Isa (علیہ السلام) ke baare mei bhi Quran mei farmaya:
“Masih, Maryam ka beta, sirf ek paighambar the; us se pehle bhi paighambar guzar chuke hain. Aur unki maa sachai ki himayat karne wali thi. Dono khaana khaya karte thay. Dekho hum kis tareeqay se unhein apni nishaniyan dikhate hain, phir dekh lo ke woh kis tarah behkaaye jaate hain. [5:75]

The Messiah, son of Mary, was no more than a messenger. ˹Many˺ messengers had ˹come and˺ gone before him. His mother was a woman of truth. They both ate food.1 See how We make the signs clear to them, yet see how they are deluded ˹from the truth˺! 

Har paighambar par imaan lana zaroori hai. Agar koi kuch paighambaron par imaan laaye aur baaki par imaan na laaye, to woh Islam se bahar ho jata hai. Allah ne farmaya:
“Jo log Allah aur uske paighambaron ka inkari karte hain, aur Allah aur uske paighambaron ke darmiyan farq karte hain, yeh keh kar ke ‘hum kuch par imaan lata hai aur kuch ko inkar karte hain,’ aur ek raasta beech ka ikhtiyar karna chahte hain, woh asal mein kafir hain. Aur hum ne kafiron ke liye zillat bhari saza tayar kar rakhi hai.” [4:150-151]

Surely those who deny Allah and His messengers and wish to make a distinction between Allah and His messengers,1 saying, “We believe in some and disbelieve in others,” desiring to forge a compromise,

they are indeed the true disbelievers. And We have prepared for the disbelievers a humiliating punishment.

Pehla paighambar Hazrat Nuh (علیہ السلام) thay, aur aakhri paighambar Hazrat Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) hain.

Yeh yaqeen rakhna ke is duniya ki zindagi ek din khatam ho jayegi. Allah farmata hai:

(Jo kuch bhi zameen par hai, wo sab chala jayega.) [55:26] Every being on earth is bound to perish.

Barzakh ki zindagi par yaqeen rakhna: Yeh zindagi insaan ki wafat ke baad se lekar Qayamat tak ka waqt hai. Isme, momin ek aise zindagi mei rehta hai jisme sukoon aur khushi hoti hai, jabke kafir ko saza milti hai. 

Allah farmata hai: (Aag; jo unke samne subah-sham dikhayi jati hai, aur jis din Ghazab ka waqt ayega, kaha jayega, "Firaun ke logon ko sabse shadid saza mein daakhil karo.) [40:46]

Sahih International: The Fire, they are exposed to it morning and evening. And the Day the Hour appears [it will be said], "Make the people of Pharaoh enter the severest punishment. 

Qiyamat par yaqeen rakhna: Allah insaaniyat ko zinda karega. 

(Kafir yeh daawa karte hain ke unko kabhi zinda nahi kiya jayega. Keh do, "Haan, mere Rabb ki qasam, aap zaroor zinda kiye jayenge; phir aapko uss kaam ke baare mein bataya jayega jo aap kiye thay. Aur yeh Allah ke liye asaan hai.) [64:7]

The disbelievers claim they will not be resurrected. Say, ˹O Prophet,˺ “Yes, by my Lord, you will surely be resurrected, then you will certainly be informed of what you have done. And that is easy for Allah. 

Hisaab ke liye jama karna par yaqeen rakhna: Allah saari makhluqaat ko ek jagah jama karega aur unka hisaab lega. Allah farmata hai:

(Aur us din ka khauf dikhaiye, jab hum pahaadon ko hatayenge, aur aap zameen ko dikhenge jo khuli hui hogi, aur hum unhein jama karenge aur unmein se kisi ko bhi chhorhenge nahi.) [18:47]

˹Beware of˺ the Day We will blow the mountains away, and you will see the earth laid bare. And We will gather all ˹humankind˺, leaving none behind. 

Yeh yaqeen rakhna ke log Allah ke samne safon mei laiye jayenge: Allah farmata hai:

(Aur woh aapke Rabb ke samne safon mein khade honge: "Aap humare paas is tarah aaye hain jaise humne aapko pehli baar banaya tha. Magar aapne yeh dawa kiya tha ke hum aapke liye kabhi ta'yeen nahi karenge.) [18:48]

They will be presented before your Lord in rows, ˹and the deniers will be told,˺ “You have surely returned to Us ˹all alone˺ as We created you the first time, although you ˹always˺ claimed that We would never appoint a time for your return.

Yeh yaqeen rakhna ke insaan ke jism ke hissa unki shaahi karenge. Allah farmata hai:

(Jab woh iske paas pohanchte hain, to unke kaan aur aankhein, aur unki jild unki khudai ke baare mein gawahi denge, jo unhone kiya tha. Aur woh apni jild se kahenge, 'Aap humare khilaaf gawahi kyun de rahe hain?' Woh kahenge, 'Allah ne humein baat karne ko diya, aur woh har cheez ko baat karne ka sabab banaata hai: aur usne aapko pehli baar banaya, aur usi ke paas aapko wapas jana hai.' Aur aap khud ko chupane ki koshish nahi kar rahe thay, ke aapke kaan aur aankhein aur jild aapke khilaaf gawahi de rahe hain; balkay aap soch rahe thay ke Allah aap jo kar rahe thay, usse itna nahi jaane ga.) [41:20-22]

When they reach it, their ears, eyes, and skin will testify against what they used to do. 

Sawaal karne par yaqeen rakhna. Allah farmata hai:

(Magar unhein roko; yaqeenan unse sawaal kiya jayega. [Unse kaha jayega], 'Aapko kya ho gaya hai? Aapas mein madad kyun nahi karte?') [37:24-26]

Siraat (Jahannam ke upar pul) par yaqeen rakhna aur har shakhs ko is par se guzarna hoga. Allah farmata hai:

(Aap mein se koi bhi aisa nahi hoga jo [Jahannam] se na guzre; yeh aapke Rabb par ek laazmi taqdeer hai.) [19:71]

NOTE: "Aur tum mein se har ek uss se guzregaa." - 19:71.

Iska matlab yeh hai ke har shakhs - chahe wo momin ho ya kafir - Jahannam se guzregaa. Lekin iska yeh matlab nahi hai ke wo usmei daakhil ho jaayenge; wo sirf usse guzrenge. Lekin agar lafz ka matlab "daakhil hona" liya bhi jaaye, toh pious momin, Jahannam mei daakhil hone par kisi bhi takleef ka shikar nahi honge kyun ke uski aag thandi ho jayegi aur unhe koi nuqsaan nahi pohanchayegi. Sayyidna Abu Sumayya ؓ se riwayat hai ke Rasoolullah ﷺ ne farmaya:

"Har shakhs, chahe wo pious ho ya sinner, pehle Jahannam mein daakhil hoga, lekin pious momin ke liye aag thandi ho jayegi, bilkul waise jaise Namrud ki aag Sayyidna Ibrahim (علیہ السلام) ke liye thandi ho gayi thi jab unhein usmein daakhil kiya gaya tha. Uske baad, momin ko Jannat mei le jaya jayega.

Yeh nazariyyah agli ayat "Phir hum unhein bachayenge jo Allah se darte the" - 19:72 se sabit hota hai. Aisa hi nazariyah Sayyidna Ibn `Abbas ؓ ne bhi diya hai. Is liye agar Quran mei jo lafz وُرُود (dakhool) ka istemal kiya gaya hai, usse دُخُول (entry) ka matlab liya jaye, toh is lafz ka matlab عُبُور (guzarna) ke barabar hai. Is liye lafz ke ma'ana mein koi ikhtilaaf nahi hai.

Amaal ke naqal (weighing of deeds) par yaqeen rakhna. Allah logon ka hisaab lega aur unko unke aamaal ke mutabiq inaam dega. Allah farmata hai:

(Aur hum qiyamat ke din ke liye insaaf ka paimana rakhte hain, taake koi bhi jaan kisis bhi surat mein zulm ka shikar na ho. Agar ek musallas ke beej ke barabar bhi koi cheez hogi, hum use nikaal lenge. Aur hum hi hisaab dene ke liye kaafi hain.) [21:47]

We set up the scales of justice for the Day of Judgment, so no soul will be wronged in the least. And ˹even˺ if a deed is the weight of a mustard seed, We will bring it forth. And sufficient are We as a ˹vigilant˺ Reckoner. 

NOTE: (SUBHANALLAH)

Kitabon aur daftar ke diya jane par yaqeen rakhna. Allah farmata hai:

(Phir, jo apni kitaab apne daahine haath mein paaega, wo asaani se hisaab dega. Aur apne khandan ki taraf khushi se wapas jayega! Aur jo apni kitaab apne peeth ke peeche paaega, wo nashan ho kar kehna shuru karega ke, 'Mujhe barbaad ho jaana hai.' Aur [usko] aag mein daakhil kar diya jayega.) [84:7-12]

As for those who are given their record in their right hand, they will have an easy reckoning, and will return to their people joyfully. And as for those who are given their record ˹in their left hand˺ from behind their backs, they will cry for ˹instant˺ destruction, and will burn in the blazing Fire.

Jannah ya Jahannam mei sab ko itni zindagi di jayegi jo kabhi khatam nahi hogi. Allah farmata hai:

(Yaqeenan, jo log kafir hain, unmein se Ahl-e-Kitaab aur mushrikon ko Jahannam ki aag mein daakhil kiya jayega, wo hamesha ke liye usme raheinge. Yeh sab se badtareen makhlooq hain. Yaqeenan jo log imaan laye hain aur achha kaam kiye hain, wo sab se behtareen makhlooq hain. Unka inaam Allah ke paas hamesha rehte hue baagaton mein hoga, jin ke neeche dariya beh rahe honge, jahan wo sada ke liye rahenge, Allah unse khush hoga aur wo Allah se khush honge. Yeh uske liye hoga jo apne Rabb se dar rakhta ho.) [98:6-8]

Indeed, those who disbelieve from the People of the Book and the polytheists will be in the Fire of Hell, to stay there forever. They are the worst of ˹all˺ beings. Indeed, those who believe and do good—they are the best of ˹all˺ beings. Their reward with their Lord will be Gardens of Eternity, under which rivers flow, to stay there for ever and ever. Allah is pleased with them and they are pleased with Him. This is ˹only˺ for those in awe of their Lord.

Hawd (Jahannam se paani ka talab, intercession) aur jo kuch bhi Allah ke Rasool ne humein bataya, us par yaqeen rakhna.

QADAR

Yeh yaqeen rakhna ke Allah ne har cheez ko uske hone se pehle janna tha, aur jo kuch bhi baad mei hoga. Har cheez jo guzri, jo ab ho rahi hai, aur jo kuch bhi aage hoga, woh sab Allah ko pehle se maloom tha.

Yeh yakeen rakhna hai ke Allah ne har cheez ko hone se pehle jaan liya tha, aur jo kuch uske baad hoga, wo bhi Allah ko maloom tha. Phir unhone un cheezon ko apni ilm aur maat (measure) ke mutabiq exist kiya. Allah ne kaha:

(Beshak, humne har cheez ko Qadar ke mutabiq banaya.) [54:49] Indeed, We have created everything, perfectly preordained.

Jo kuch guzar gaya, jo kuch ab ho raha hai aur jo kuch mustaqbil mein hoga, woh sab Allah ko pehle se maloom tha. Phir Allah ne unhe apni marzi aur maat ke mutabiq exist kiya. Allah ke Rasool ﷺ ne kaha:

Agar koi shakhs Qadar par yakeen nahi rakhta, uska imaan complete nahi hota, usse apni mushkilat ke achay aur bure natijey par yakeen rakhna zaroori hai - jab tak wo ye na jaane ke jo usse hua, wo kabhi bhi usse nahi guzarta, aur jo usse nahi hua, wo kabhi nahi hota. [Tirmidhi]

Yeh yakeen is baat ke mutabiq nahi hai ke insaan apne maqasad ke liye koshish na kare. Isko samjhane ke liye, agar koi shakhs bachay ka chahta hai, to usse kuch kaam karne padenge us maqasad ko haasil karne ke liye, jaise ke shaadi karna. Phir jab wo apni puri koshish kar lega, toh wo jo chahta hai, usse mil sakta hai ya nahi. Iska sabab yeh hai ke insaan ko yeh samajhna hoga ke jo wo apne maqasad ke liye karta hai, wo asal mein asli sabab nahi hai; balkay Allah ki marzi hai. Yeh "zariya" jo hum apne maqasid ke liye istemal karte hain, yeh bhi Allah ki Qadar ka hissa hain.

Rasoolullah ﷺ se poocha gaya:

Ya Rasoolullah, jo ayatain aur duaen hum padhte hain aur jo hum ilaj ke liye dawa lete hain, kya wo Allah ki Qadar ko khatam kar deti hain? (Aap ﷺ ne jawab diya,) Yeh sab bhi Allah ki Qadar ka hissa hain. [Mustadrak al-Haakim]

Bhookh, pyaas, thand lagna, yeh sab Qadaa’ aur Qadr ka hissa hain. Insaan apni bhookh ko khana khake, pyaas ko pani peeke aur thand ko garmahat se door karne ki koshish karta hai. Ek shakhs apni mushkilat se bachne ki koshish karta hai jo Allah ki Qadar ke mutabiq us par aayi, aur wo jo khata hai, peeta hai aur garm rakhta hai, yeh sab bhi Allah ki Qadar ke mutabiq hai.

Insaan ko apni koshishon ko puri tarah se anjam dena chahiye, kyunki jo zariye hain, wo bhi Qadaa’ aur Qadr ka hissa hain. Aur insaan jo bhi hasil hota hai us par khush rehta hai (chahe jo bhi ho), jo uske dil ko sukoon aur roohani aaraam deta hai. Is mein kisi bhi stress, pareshani ya gham ka koi lihaaz nahi hai. Yeh maloom hai ke dil ki pareshani aur tanav se kayi bimariyan hoti hain. Is concept par yakeen rakhne se un bimariyon ka ilaj aur prevention hota hai. Allah ne kaha:

Na koi musibat aur na koi naimat zameen par ya tumhare andar hoti hai, magar us se pehle ek kitaab mein likhi hui hoti hai, jab tak hum usay zindagi mein nahi laate. Yeh baat Allah ke liye bohot aasan hai. Hum yeh tumhe is liye batate hain taake tum us cheez par gham na karo jo tumse chali gayi aur na us par fakhr karo jo Allah ne tumhe di. Allah ko wo log bilkul pasand nahi jo takabbur aur fakhr karte hain. [57:22-23]

No calamity ˹or blessing˺ occurs on earth or in yourselves without being ˹written˺ in a Record before We bring it into being. This is certainly easy for Allah. ˹We let you know this˺ so that you neither grieve over what you have missed nor boast over what He has granted you. For Allah does not like whoever is arrogant, boastful 

Yeh ilm aur Allah ki banayi hui cheezon ke mutaliq tahqiqat aur daryaft karne ko barhawa deta hai. Mushkilat, jaise ke bimari, insaan ko ilaj talash karne par majboor karti hain, aur yeh ilaj uss dawat ki taraf le jata hai jo Allah ne apni qudrat se is kainaat mei paida ki. Yeh insaan ke musibat ke asraat ko kam karta hai aur jo guzar chuka us par afsos aur gham ke jazbaat ko khatam karta hai.

Agar koi shakhs apna maal karobar mei kho deta hai, to yeh ek mushkilat hai. Agar is mushkilat ke baad afsos aur gham ka ehsaas ho, to yeh do mushkilat ban jaati hain: ek to maal ka nuksan aur doosra afsos aur gham. Agar koi Qadaa’ aur Qadr par yakeen rakhta hai, to wo jo bhi guzar chuka us par khush hota hai, kyunki usse maloom hota hai ke yeh sab chhupna tha.

Rasoolullah ﷺ ne kaha:

Apne liye jo faida de, uska shauq rakho aur Allah se madad talash karo, aur is mein ghaflat na karo. Agar koi mushkil tumhare saath hoti hai, to kabhi na kehna, 'Agar main aise karta to aise ho jata,' balkay kehna, 'Yeh Allah ka Qadar hai, aur jo kuch Allah chahta hai, wo hota hai,' kyunki 'agar' kehna, shaytaan ka darwaza kholne ka sabab banta hai. [Muslim]

Yeh insaan ki Allah par itmaad ko barhata hai aur makhluq se khauf ko hatata hai. Ibn ‘Abbaas ne kaha:

Main ek din Rasoolullah ﷺ ke peeche chal raha tha, to aap ﷺ ne mujhse kaha: 'O jawan ladke, main tujhe kuch alfaz sikhaunga: Allah ki hukoomat ki hifazat kar, wo tujhe hifazat karega. Allah ki hukoomat ki hifazat kar, tu usay apne samne paayega. Aur agar tu kuch poochna chahe, to Allah se pooch, aur agar madad chahe, to Allah se madad chaah, aur jaan le ke agar duniya ke log tujhe madad dene ke liye ikatha ho jayein, to wo tujhe madad nahi de sakte, illa ke jo kuch Allah ne tere liye likh diya hai. Agar duniya ke log tujhe nuqsan dena chahein, to wo tujhe nuqsan nahi de sakte, illa ke jo kuch Allah ne tere liye likh diya hai. Qalam uthaa liye gaye hain, aur safah sukha chuki hain. [Tirmidhi]

Qadar par yakeen rakhna, jaise ke kuch log galat fehmi mei sochte hain, yeh nahi hai ke insaan apna itmaad Allah par rakhe bina apni koshish na kare, kyunki Rasoolullah ﷺ ne us shakhs ko jawab diya:

Kya main apni oont ko bandhan se khula chhorh doon aur Allah par itmaad karoon ke wo apni jagah par hamesha rahegi?" Aap ﷺ ne kaha, "Usay baandh kar phir Allah par itmaad karo. [Ibn Hibbaan]

Woh Muhammad ibn Abdullah hain, aakhri Rasool. 

Allah ka farman hai: (Muhammad tum mein se kisi mard ka baap nahi hain, lekin woh Allah ke Rasool hain aur paighambaron mein aakhri hain.) [33:40]

Muḥammad is not the father of any of your men,1 but is the Messenger of Allah and the seal of the prophets. And Allah has ˹perfect˺ knowledge of all things. 

Allah ne unhein khaas taur par Arabs ke liye nahi bheja, balkay unhein tamam insaaniyat ke liye bheja.

Allah ka farman hai:

(Aur hum ne tumhein [O Muhammad ﷺ] sirf khushi dene wala aur dar dikhane wala bana kar bheja hai tamam insaaniyat ke liye.) [34:28] We have sent you ˹O Prophet˺ only as a deliverer of good news and a warner to all of humanity, but most people do not know. 

Allah ne unhein is liye bheja taake tamam makhluq haqeeqi khushi hasil kare, aur unhein sachai, acchai ka raasta dikhaye aur jhoot aur burai se bachne ki hidayat de.

Allah ka farman hai:

(Aur hum ne tumhein [O Muhammad ﷺ] sirf duniya walon ke liye rahmat bana kar bheja hai.) [21:107]

We have sent you ˹O Prophet˺ only as a mercy for the whole world. 

Unse pehle ke wahy aaye, unhein unke qaum mei "Ameen" (The Trustworthy) kaha jata tha, aur jab woh safar par jate, to log apne maal unhein de kar chhorh jate. Unhein "Sadiq" (The Truthful) bhi kaha jata tha, kyun ke unmei sachayi thi. Unhon ne kabhi jhoot nahi bola, na he kabhi dhoka diya, aur hamesha doosron ke liye achha chahte the.

Unhein apni pehli wahy 40 saal ki umar mei mili, aur unhone apni wife Hazrat Khadeejah ko kaha:

Main apne aap ke liye dar rakhta hoon. Hazrat Khadeejah ne jawab diya, Nahi, Allah ki kasam! Allah apko kabhi beizzat nahi karega. Ap rishton ko mazboot karte ho, doosron ki musibat mein madad karte ho, gareebon ko maal dete ho, mehman ka izzat se khayal rakhte ho, aur asli musibat mein madad karte hai. [Bukhari]

Woh Mecca mei 13 saal tak Islam ka paighaam logon tak pohanchate rahe. Phir woh Madinah chale gaye aur wahan ke logon ko Islam ki daawat di, jo unhone qubool ki. Wahan Allah ne unhein Deen ke baaqi hukumaat wahey kiye. 8 Aath saal baad, woh Mecca ka fatah kar ke wahan wapas aaye, aur 63 saal ki umar mei Allah ne un py poora Quran nazil kiya. Deen ki tamam hadood poori ho gayi aur pura Arab jazirah Islam ko apna chuka tha.

Woh insaaniyat mei sabse behtareen the unke khalq aur akhlaq ke hawale se.

● Yeh aakhri Asmani Kitaab hai jo nazil hui, aur is liye Allah, Azza wa Jall, ne iske tahaffuz ka wada kiya hai ke yeh apne kisi bhi tabdili se mehfooz rahegi, aakhri din tak.

German shaayar Goethe ne kaha:
Main tareekh mei insaani misaal dhoond raha tha aur woh mujhe Muhammad ﷺ mein mili.

Annie Besant ne apni kitaab The Life and Teachings of Mohammad mei kaha:
Yeh na mumkin hai ke koi bhi shakhs jo Arabia ke azeem Paighambar ki zindagi aur uske akhlaaq ko padhe, usse izzat aur taazim ke siwa kuch mehsoos kare. Aur halaanke jo kuch mein aapko bataungi, woh kayi logon ko pehle se maloom hoga, phir bhi jab main unhein dobara padhti hoon, toh har dafa mujhe ek nayi tareeqe se taazim ka ehsaas hota hai, ek nayi izzat ka ehsaas hota hai us azeem Arabian ustaad ke liye.

Quran mei wo tamam hadood aur qawaneen mojood hain jo muashray ko behtar banate hain aur uske amal se har shakhs ki khushi ki guarantee dete hain

Yeh Allah ka Kalam hai jo Farishta Jibreel  ne Hazrat Muhammad ﷺ tak pohanchaya.

Quran pichlay aasmaani kitaabon se kuch is tareeqay se mukhtalif hai:

• Yeh aakhri aasmaani kitaab hai jo nazil hui, aur is liye Allah, azzawajal, ne isko har kisam ke tahrif, tabdeeli, izafa ya nuqsan se mehfooz rakhne ka waada kiya hai jab tak Qiyamat na aa jaye. Insaan ko yakeen hona chahiye ke Allah ne Quran ko tamam tahrifo se mehfooz rakha hai. Allah ka farman hai:
  (Indeed it is We who sent down the revelation and indeed, We will be its guardian.) [15:9]

• Yaqeenan hum hi ne dhikr (Quran) nazil kiya hai, aur yaqeenan hum hi isay mehfooz rakhne wale hain.
  
  

• Iski tilawat karna ibadat hai; aur yeh ek tareeqa hai jisme Allah isko mehfooz rakhta hai. Nabi ﷺ ne farmaya:
  "Jo shakhs Quran ka ek harf padhega, usay das ajar milenge. Main yeh nahi keh rahi ke 'Alif Laam Meem' ek harf hai, balkay 'Alif' ek harf hai, 'Laam' ek harf hai, aur 'Meem' ek harf hai. [Tirmidhi]
  
  

• Isko yaad karna bhi ibadat hai. Nabi ﷺ ne farmaya:
  "Jo shakhs Quran ka koi hissa yaad nahi karta, wo ek chhorha hua ghar hai. [Tirmidhi]
  
  

• Isko ahmiyat dena aur seekhna bhi ibadat mana jata hai. Nabi ﷺ ne farmaya:
  "Aap mein se behtareen wo hain jo Quran seekhte hain aur dusron ko sikhate hain. [Bukhari]
  
  

• Quran mein wo tamam hadood aur qawaneen mojood hain jo muashray ko behtar banate hain aur iske amal se har shakhs ki khushi ki guarantee dete hain. Allah ka farman hai:
  (And We have sent down to you the Book as clarification for all things and as guidance and mercy and good tidings for the Muslims.) [16:89]
  
  

• Quran mei prophets aur Rasoolon ki kahaniyan hain, aur jo kuch unke darmiyan aur unke qoum ke darmiyan guroor hua, Hazrat Adam  se le kar Hazrat Muhammad ﷺ tak.
  
  

• Yeh insaaniyat ki rehnumai ke liye nazil huwa taake wo sukoon aur khushi ki zindagi guzaar sakein, aur unko jhoot ke andheron se Islam ki roshni ki taraf le aaye.

Deen-e-Islam ilm aur uski talash ko farog deta hai, aur jahaalat ko tanqeed karta hai aur us se bachne ki hidayat deta hai. Allah ka farman hai:
Kya jo log jaane wo un logon ke barabar hain jo nahi jaane? [39:9]

Kya woh log behtar hain jo apne Rab ki ibadat raat ke waqt karte hain, sajda karte hain aur khade hote hain, Aakhirat se darte hain aur apne Rab ki rehmat ki ummed rakhte hain? Kaho, "Kya jo log jaane woh un logon ke barabar hain jo nahi jaane?" Is baat ko sirf woh log samajhte hain jo aqal wale hain.

Allah ka farman hai:
"Allah un logon ko darajaton mein barhata hai jo tum mein se imaan laaye aur jo ilm diya gaya hai..." [58:11]

Aey imaan walon! Jab tumhein majlis mein jagah dene ko kaha jaye, to tum jagah de do. Allah tumhein apni fazl se jagah dega. Aur agar tumhein uthne ko kaha jaye, to uth jao. Allah tum mein se un logon ko jo imaan laye hain aur un logon ko jo ilm se nawazey gaye hain, unka darja barhadega. Aur Allah jo kuch tum kar rahe ho, usse khoob aagah hai. 

Islam yeh encourage karta hai ke insaan apne ilm mein izafa kare. Allah ne kaha:
Aur keh do: ‘Mere Rab! Mere ilm mein izafa kar. [20:114]

Islam ulama ki izzat karta hai aur unhe unka haq deta hai. Nabi ﷺ ne unki afzaliat bayan karte hue kaha: Jo hamare buzurgon ki izzat nahi karta, hamare chhote logon par rehm nahi karta, aur jo hamare ulama ke haqooq nahi janta, wo meri ummat mein se nahi hai.[Ahmed]

Islam ilm hasil karne, seekhne, aur padhane ko Jannah tak le jaane wale rasto ke taur par dekhta hai. Rasulullah ﷺ ne kaha:
"Jo ilm ke liye raasta ikhtiyar karta hai, Allah uske liye Jannah ka raasta asaan kar deta hai. Farishte ilm seekhne wale ke liye apne par phaila dete hain, jo wo karta hai us se khush ho kar. Asman aur zameen ke log, aur hatta ke samundar ke machhliyaan bhi uske liye maghfirat karti hain. Ilm walon ki afzaliat abid (ibadat karne wale) par us tarah hai jaise chand ki afzaliat sitaron par (roshni mein). Ilm walay ambiya ke waris hain, jo na dinar chhorhte hain, na dirham, sirf ilm ka waris hai; aur jo ise haasil kar leta hai, usne asal mein bohot bara hissa haasil kar liya." [Abu Dawood].